It was added in this commit: commit c69a26e800153396666dbd931fd30c3885104a2f Author: Karl Williamson <public@khwilliamson.com> Date: Sat Dec 21 16:51:59 2013 -0700 APItest.xs: #include fakesdio.h This causes the printf's and other stdio functions in the file to instead be the PerlIO equivalents. We aren't trying to test libc after all. See http://markmail.org/message/h26bq75cxlfe3y7r But it prevents us from cleanly testing API functions such as PerlIO_findFILE. So how do we test those?